Protocol
SB Core

Overview

Consensus, execution model, and throughput

Consensus

SB Chain uses RDPoS (Randomized Delegated Proof of Stake) consensus — an evolution of standard DPoS that introduces randomisation into the witness selection and block production schedule.

Token holders vote for a set of active witnesses who are responsible for producing and signing blocks. The protocol reaches consensus when a supermajority of active witnesses have signed a block.

ParameterValue
Active witness setUp to 1001 witnesses (governance configurable, default 21 active)
Block productionRandomised across the active witness set each round — not fixed or predictable in advance
Block signingEach block signed by exactly one witness (witness_signature in block_header)
Missed slotSkipped — no slashing, participation record updated
RandomisationReduces the ability of witnesses to coordinate timing-based attacks or censor specific transactions
Fault toleranceByzantine Fault Tolerant within the active witness set

Execution

All exchange state — order books, account balances, open orders, price feeds, collateral positions — lives on-chain as part of the blockchain state. There is no off-chain matching engine and no external database.

  • Every operation is included in a block and executed deterministically by all nodes
  • Transaction ordering is determined by block inclusion — no mempool reordering after inclusion
  • All state transitions are auditable and reproducible from genesis

Block Time & Throughput

MetricValue
Block time (mainnet)3 seconds
Minimum block interval1 second
Maximum block interval30 seconds
Default max block size2,000,000 bytes
Default max transaction size2,048 bytes
Theoretical max TPS (default config)~976 TPS at 1s blocks